Bond Futures

ASX 3-Year and 10-Year Treasury Bond futures are exchange-traded contracts on a notional Commonwealth Government bond with A$100,000 face value and a 6% coupon. Quotes use the P=100YP = 100 - Y convention, where YY is the yield of the underlying bond basket. Settlement is cash, against the average yield of a basket of eligible Commonwealth bonds on the second Wednesday of March, June, September or December. These two contracts are among the most liquid rate futures globally (ASX 3 & 10 Year Factsheet).

Why it matters

Bond futures let traders take a position on the long end of the yield curve without buying physical bonds. The longer-duration 10-year contract is much more rate-sensitive than the 90-day bank bill contract. A 10-year bond with modified duration around 8 changes in price by roughly 8% for a 1% yield move, against essentially 0.25% for a 90-day bill.

Formulas

Quote
P=100YbondP = 100 - Y_{\text{bond}}
Same 100-minus-yield convention as bank bill futures, but YY is the yield on the notional 6% coupon bond.
Approximate price sensitivity
ΔPDmod×ΔY×contract value\Delta P \approx -D_{\text{mod}} \times \Delta Y \times \text{contract value}
DmodD_{\text{mod}} is the modified duration of the underlying notional bond. Roughly 2.7 for the 3-Year and 7.5 for the 10-Year contract.

Worked examples

Scenario

The ASX 10-Year Treasury Bond future trades at 96.00.

Solution

Implied yield =10096=4.00%= 100 - 96 = 4.00\%. If a fund manager expects yields to fall to 3.80%, he goes long. A 20-basis-point yield drop raises the price by about $0.20 \times 7.5 \approx 1.5$ points. The dollar tick value on a 0.5 basis-point move is around A$36, so the P&L on one contract would be roughly A$1,500.

Scenario

A bond portfolio with A$200 million face value and modified duration 8 wants to hedge a possible 50-basis-point yield spike.

Solution

The portfolio's dollar duration is $200{,}000{,}000 \times 8 \times 0.005 = \$8\text{m}$ of loss for a 50 bp move. Hedging in 10-Year Treasury Bond futures, with face A$100,000 and duration about 7.5, gives a per-contract duration value of roughly A$3,750 per basis point. The manager would short about 2,100 contracts to immunise the portfolio.

Common mistakes

  • Bond futures and bank bill futures have similar duration risk. They do not. The 10-year bond futures contract is roughly 30 times more rate-sensitive per dollar of face value than the 90-day bank bill contract, because of duration.
  • Settlement involves physical bond delivery. ASX 3-year and 10-year Treasury bond futures are cash-settled against the average yield of a basket of eligible Commonwealth bonds (ASX). This avoids the cheapest-to-deliver complications that arise in physically delivered contracts such as CBOT Treasuries.

Revision bullets

  • Notional bond, A$100k face, 6% coupon
  • Quoted P=100YP = 100 - Y
  • Cash-settled against bond basket
  • Duration drives sensitivity, 10-Year much higher than 3-Year
  • Used by fund managers, banks, issuers
  • Among the world's most liquid bond futures

Quick check

Which contract is more sensitive to a 1% change in yield, all else equal?

ASX Treasury Bond futures settle via

Connected topics

In learning paths

Sources

  1. Australian Securities Exchange. "ASX 3 and 10 Year Treasury Bonds Futures and Options." ASX Product Factsheet, accessed 2026.
    Official contract specifications including face value, notional coupon, expiry calendar and cash settlement methodology.
  2. Australian Securities Exchange. "Bond derivatives." ASX, accessed 2026.
    Describes how 3-year and 10-year Treasury Bond futures are used by issuers, fund managers and banks across the Asia-Pacific time zone.
  3. Hull (2022), §6.5
    Hull, John C. Options, Futures, and Other Derivatives. 11th ed. Pearson, 2022. ISBN 978-0-13-693997-9.
    Generic textbook treatment of bond futures, duration hedging and the conversion factor mechanics used in physically delivered contracts.
How to cite this page
Dr. Phil's Quant Lab. (2026). Bond Futures. Derivatives Atlas. https://phucnguyenvan.com/concept/bond-futures